Anchor Papers ~ Biology ~ Item 50


	Item 50 Anchor Papers

Cardinals are birds that spend the winter in Maryland. Many people feed them sunflower seeds during the winter months. Some of the carbohydrates in the cardinal’s diet come from these seeds. Describe

the building blocks of carbohydrates
how the sunflowers produce carbohydrates
how carbohydrates are used by living organisms

Write your answer in your Answer Book.

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student identifies how sunflowers produce carbohydrates (photosynthesis) and recognizes how organisms use carbohydrates (carbohydrates give other living things energy that consume them.) The supporting details are minimally effective.
Score Level 1 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student identifies the building blocks of carbohydrates (sugars), the process that produces carbohydrates (photosynthesis), and provides a vague description of the function of carbohydrates (Living organisms use carbohydrates to remain healthy and energetic.) The supporting details are minimally effective.
Score Level 2 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The student identifies the building blocks of carbohydrates (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; long strands of sugars), provides an incomplete description of how sunflowers produce carbohydrates (undergoing photosynthesis; plant takes sunlight; use it with other materials to create sugars), and states the function of carbohydrates (main source of energy; uses carbs to get ATP or energy but also stores some in the seeds.) The supporting details are adequate.
Score Level 2 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The supporting details are adequate. The student describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (saccharides or sugars; link together to form long chains). The process used to produce carbohydrates (photosynthesis; convert sunlight and CO₂ into glucose molecules), and the function of carbohydrates (use the glucose in glycolysis, the Kreb's cycle, and the electron transfer chain to produce ATP).
Score Level 3 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. Generally complete supporting details are presented. A specific description of the building blocks of carbohydrates (simple sugars such as glucose) is given. The student discusses how carbohydrates are produced (photosynthesis; through the light reaction and Calvin Cycle, CO₂ is changed to oxygen and sugars), and the function of carbohydrates (eat the plants; through cellular respiration, turn carbohydrates into energy that is used for chemical reactions to take place in cells.) Some synthesis of information is evident in these discussions.
Score Level 3 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The student thoroughly describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. These elements create sugars, such as glucose: which are the monomers of carbohydrates) and the process that produces carbohydrates (photosynthesis; plants turning sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into energy, and sugar). The description of how organisms use carbohydrates is incomplete and general (organisms eat and use the carbohydrates; create ATP; ATP is a usable energy; ATP is used for… breathing.) Overall, the supporting details are generally complete. The use of accurate scientific terminology strengthens the response (monomers; ATP; glucose).
Score Level 4 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The building blocks of carbohydrates are identified (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; simple sugars, such as glucose). The description of how sunflowers produce carbohydrates is complete (through the process of photosynthesis; In the chlorophyll the plant undergoes a series of light reactions; the plant begins the Calvin cycle; During this cycle, glucose is created.) and the discussion of how energy is transferred from the sun to the plants reflects a synthesis of information (a 5c molecule undergoes several reactions using the sun's energy and a four carbon molecule is created. Oxygen is given off and the 4c molecule again becomes a 5c molecule.) The student gives a detailed discussion of how carbohydrates are used (In cellular respiration, they break down the glucose to ATP, release the energy in bonds and use the energy for reactions.) The supporting details are pertinent and complete. Scientific terminology enhances this response (Calvin cycle; mitochondria; ATP; glucose; chlorophyll, cellular respiration).
Score Level 4 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The supporting details are pertinent and complete and are used to provide an integration of ideas regarding all aspects of the question. The student thoroughly describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (made up of monosaccharides, or simple sugars; contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the same 2:1 ratio as waters), and how carbohydrates are produced (photosynthesis, in which sunlight, water, and carbon dioxides is used to produce sugar and oxygen; light energy is absorbed and utilized to transfer electrons; trapped by the thylakoids in the chloroplasts; creates ATP; used in the Calvin Cycle). The function of carbohydrates is also completely discussed (carbohydrates are macromolecules that store and transfer energy; through cellular respiration, where sugars, such as glucose, are broken down in increments to create a large amount of ATP energy for use). A complete synthesis of information is evident and the use of scientific terminology enhances this response (macromolecule; photosystem I; photosystem II; thylakoids; chloroplasts; ATP; Calvin Cycle; cellular respiration; glucose).

Anchor Papers ~ Biology ~ Item 50

the building blocks of carbohydrates
how the sunflowers produce carbohydrates
how carbohydrates are used by living organisms

Write your answer in your Answer Book.

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student identifies how sunflowers produce carbohydrates (photosynthesis) and recognizes how organisms use carbohydrates (carbohydrates give other living things energy that consume them.) The supporting details are minimally effective.

Score Level 1 Anchor Paper
This response contains evidence of some understanding of the question. The student identifies the building blocks of carbohydrates (sugars), the process that produces carbohydrates (photosynthesis), and provides a vague description of the function of carbohydrates (Living organisms use carbohydrates to remain healthy and energetic.) The supporting details are minimally effective.

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The student identifies the building blocks of carbohydrates (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; long strands of sugars), provides an incomplete description of how sunflowers produce carbohydrates (undergoing photosynthesis; plant takes sunlight; use it with other materials to create sugars), and states the function of carbohydrates (main source of energy; uses carbs to get ATP or energy but also stores some in the seeds.) The supporting details are adequate.

Score Level 2 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a basic understanding of the question. The supporting details are adequate. The student describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (saccharides or sugars; link together to form long chains). The process used to produce carbohydrates (photosynthesis; convert sunlight and CO₂ into glucose molecules), and the function of carbohydrates (use the glucose in glycolysis, the Kreb's cycle, and the electron transfer chain to produce ATP).

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. Generally complete supporting details are presented. A specific description of the building blocks of carbohydrates (simple sugars such as glucose) is given. The student discusses how carbohydrates are produced (photosynthesis; through the light reaction and Calvin Cycle, CO₂ is changed to oxygen and sugars), and the function of carbohydrates (eat the plants; through cellular respiration, turn carbohydrates into energy that is used for chemical reactions to take place in cells.) Some synthesis of information is evident in these discussions.

Score Level 3 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a good understanding of the question. The student thoroughly describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. These elements create sugars, such as glucose: which are the monomers of carbohydrates) and the process that produces carbohydrates (photosynthesis; plants turning sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into energy, and sugar). The description of how organisms use carbohydrates is incomplete and general (organisms eat and use the carbohydrates; create ATP; ATP is a usable energy; ATP is used for… breathing.) Overall, the supporting details are generally complete. The use of accurate scientific terminology strengthens the response (monomers; ATP; glucose).

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The building blocks of carbohydrates are identified (carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; simple sugars, such as glucose). The description of how sunflowers produce carbohydrates is complete (through the process of photosynthesis; In the chlorophyll the plant undergoes a series of light reactions; the plant begins the Calvin cycle; During this cycle, glucose is created.) and the discussion of how energy is transferred from the sun to the plants reflects a synthesis of information (a 5c molecule undergoes several reactions using the sun's energy and a four carbon molecule is created. Oxygen is given off and the 4c molecule again becomes a 5c molecule.) The student gives a detailed discussion of how carbohydrates are used (In cellular respiration, they break down the glucose to ATP, release the energy in bonds and use the energy for reactions.) The supporting details are pertinent and complete. Scientific terminology enhances this response (Calvin cycle; mitochondria; ATP; glucose; chlorophyll, cellular respiration).

Score Level 4 Anchor Paper

This response contains evidence of a full and complete understanding of the question. The supporting details are pertinent and complete and are used to provide an integration of ideas regarding all aspects of the question. The student thoroughly describes the building blocks of carbohydrates (made up of monosaccharides, or simple sugars; contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the same 2:1 ratio as waters), and how carbohydrates are produced (photosynthesis, in which sunlight, water, and carbon dioxides is used to produce sugar and oxygen; light energy is absorbed and utilized to transfer electrons; trapped by the thylakoids in the chloroplasts; creates ATP; used in the Calvin Cycle). The function of carbohydrates is also completely discussed (carbohydrates are macromolecules that store and transfer energy; through cellular respiration, where sugars, such as glucose, are broken down in increments to create a large amount of ATP energy for use). A complete synthesis of information is evident and the use of scientific terminology enhances this response (macromolecule; photosystem I; photosystem II; thylakoids; chloroplasts; ATP; Calvin Cycle; cellular respiration; glucose).