School Improvement in Maryland

VSC: Mathematics Grade K

Document Date: June 2004
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Standard 1.0 Knowledge of Algebra, Patterns, and Functions

Topic

A. Patterns and Functions

Indicator

Objectives

  1. Use manipulatives with numeric qualities to build patterns

Indicator

  • 2. Identify, copy, describe, create, and extend non-numeric patterns

Objectives

  1. Represent patterns kinesthetically such as: clap/snap/clap
  1. Represent and analyze repeating patterns using no more than 3 objects in the core of the pattern
  1. Sort a collection of objects according to a rule
  1. Identify patterns in real life situations
  1. Recognize the difference between patterns and non-patterns
  1. Continue patterns

Topic

B. Expressions, Equations, and Inequalities

Indicator

  • 1. Write and identify expressions

Objectives

  1. Represent numeric quantities using concrete and pictorial representations to model addition expressions with a value of no more than 10

Indicator

  • 2. Identify equations and inequalities

Objectives

  1. Represent relationships by comparing groups of no more than 10 objects to determine more or less
  1. Model and name the value of the missing part in a part-part-whole situation using no more than 10 manipulatives
  1. Describe addition using terms such as: and, add, plus, join, equal

Topic

C. Numeric and Graphic Representations of Relationships

Indicator

  • 1. Locate points on a number line

Objectives

  1. Identify and represent whole numbers up to 10 on a number line using manipulatives, symbols, and one-to-one correspondence

Standard 2.0 Knowledge of Geometry

Topic

A. Plane Geometric Figures

Indicator

  • 1. Recognize and describe the attributes of plane geometric figures

Objectives

  1. Sort and regroup everyday objects and geometric figures according to attributes such as: shape, color, size
  1. Describe plane figures and their attributes such as: shape, color, size
  1. Identify triangles, circles, squares, and rectangles
  1. Compare, trace, and reproduce triangles, circles, squares, and rectangles

Topic

B. Solid Geometric Figures

Indicator

  • 1. Recognize, describe, and use the attributes of solid geometric figures

Objectives

  1. Match, sort, and regroup objects according to attributes
  1. Describe solid figures
  1. Identify solid geometric figures in the environment

Topic

D. Congruence

Indicator

  • 1. Recognize congruent objects

Objectives

  1. Identify everyday objects which have the same size and shape

Topic

E. Transformations

Indicator

Objectives

  1. Use position words such as: over, under, above, on, next to, below, beside, behind
  1. Use spatial reasoning to solve simple puzzles
  1. Demonstrate slides using simple objects

Indicator

  • 2. Analyze geometric figures and pictures

Objectives

  1. Recognize the concept of symmetry using pictures

Standard 3.0 Knowledge of Measurement

Topic

A. Measurement Units

Indicator

  • 1. Explore measurement units

Objectives

  1. Order, compare, and describe objects by attributes such as: length/height, weight, capacity
  1. Recognize time by identifying days of the week and by using terms such as: yesterday, today, tomorrow, morning, afternoon, night, before, after
  1. Compare and describe temperature such as: temperature in January as compared to temperature in July

Topic

B. Measurement Tools

Indicator

  • 1. Measure in non-standard units

Objectives

  1. Measure length of objects and pictures of objects
  1. Explore and compare the capacity of containers
  1. Explore and compare weight of objects

Standard 4.0 Knowledge of Statistics

Topic

A. Data Displays

Indicator

  • 1. Collect, organize, and display data

Objectives

  1. Collect data by answering a question
  1. Organize and display data to make real graphs
  1. Organize and display data to make picture graphs

Topic

B. Data Analysis

Indicator

  • 1. Analyze data

Objectives

  1. Compare and describe data from real graphs to answer a question
  1. Compare and describe data from a picture graph to answer a question

Standard 6.0 Knowledge of Number Relationships and Computation/Arithmetic

Topic

A. Knowledge of Number and Place Value

Indicator

Objectives

  1. Extend concept of number
  1. Construct relationships between and among quantities using language such as: more than, less than, fewer than, as many as, one more, one less
  1. Demonstrate cardinality by answer of how many
  1. Build meaningful relationships by using 5 and 10 frames
  1. Use concrete materials to build sets 0 to 10
  1. Use concrete materials to compose and decompose quantities up to 10
  1. Match a numeral to a set
  1. Count to 31
  1. Count backward from 10
  1. Use ordinal numbers to indicate position such as: first, second, third, fourth, fifth

Indicator

  • 2. Recognize fractions

Objectives

  1. Show initial awareness of fractional parts (halves) using concrete materials

Indicator

  • 3. Recognize and use money

Objectives

  1. Identify and name the value of pennies, nickels, and dimes
  1. Choose the coin named from a given set of mixed coins
  1. Use money in real-world situations such as a classroom store

Topic

C. Number Computation

Indicator

  • 1. Analyze number relations and compute

Objectives

  1. Model addition by combining sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
  1. Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete objects and describe the results using words and pictures
  1. Solve a given story problem cooperatively that is based on the combining and separating of models

Standard 7.0 Processes of Mathematics

Topic

A. Problem Solving

Indicator

  • 1. Apply a variety of concepts, processes, and skills to solve problems

Objectives

  1. Identify the question in the problem
  1. Decide if enough information is present to solve the problem
  1. Make a plan to solve a problem
  1. Apply a strategy, i.e., draw a picture, guess and check, finding a pattern, writing an equation
  1. Select a strategy, i.e., draw a picture, guess and check, finding a pattern, writing an equation
  1. Identify alternative ways to solve a problem
  1. Show that a problem might have multiple solutions or no solution
  1. Extend the solution of a problem to a new problem situation

Topic

B. Reasoning

Indicator

  • 1. Justify ideas or solutions with mathematical concepts or proofs

Objectives

  1. Use inductive or deductive reasoning
  1. Make or test generalizations
  1. Support or refute mathematical statements or solutions
  1. Use methods of proof, i.e., direct, indirect, paragraph, or contradiction

Topic

C. Communication

Indicator

  • 1. Present mathematical ideas using words, symbols, visual displays, or technology

Objectives

  1. Use multiple representations to express concepts or solutions
  1. Express mathematical ideas orally
  1. Explain mathematically ideas in written form
  1. Express solutions using concrete materials
  1. Express solutions using pictorial, tabular, graphical, or algebraic methods
  1. Explain solutions in written form
  1. Ask questions about mathematical ideas or problems
  1. Give or use feedback to revise mathematical thinking

Topic

D. Connections

Indicator

  • 1. Relate or apply mathematics within the discipline, to other disciplines, and to life

Objectives

  1. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to other mathematical concepts
  1. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to other disciplines
  1. Identify mathematical concepts in relationship to life
  1. Use the relationship among mathematical concepts to learn other mathematical concepts

Note: Highlighted assessment limits will be tested in the no calculator section of MSA. In the assessment limit, (0-10) or (-10 to 10) means all numbers in the problem or the answer will fall within the range of 0 to 10 (including endpoints) or -10 to 10 (including endpoints), respectively. All content standards are tested in MSA but not all objectives. Objectives that have an assessment limit are tested on MSA. Objectives without an assessment limit are not tested on MSA.

June 2004