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Goal 1 Functions and Algebra

Expectation 1.2 The student will model and interpret real-world situations using the language of mathematics and appropriate technology.

Indicator 1.2.1 The student will determine the equation for a line, solve linear equations, and/or describe the solutions using numbers, symbols, and/or graphs.

Assessment Limits:

  • Functions are to have no more than two variables with rational coefficients.
  • Linear equations will be given in the form: Ax + By = C, Ax + By + C = 0, or y = mx + b.
  • Vertical lines are included.
  • The majority of these items should be in real-world context.

Extended Constructed Response (ECR) Item - Released in 2008

Ichiro plans to spend no more than a total of $60 for both lunch and dinner each day during his vacation.

Complete the following in the Answer Book:

  • Write an inequality that models this relationship. Let x represent the amount, in dollars, that Ichiro spends on lunch. Let y represent the amount, in dollars, that Ichiro spends on dinner.
  • Graph the inequality on the grid provided in the Answer Book.
  • On Thursday, Ichiro spent exactly $60 on lunch and dinner. He spent three times as much on dinner as he spent on lunch. How much did Ichiro spend on lunch? How much did Ichiro spend on dinner? Use mathematics to explain how you determined your answers. Use words, symbols, or both in your explanations.

The following 8 Anchor Papers represent a range of score points and are used in conjunction with the rubrics to assess student responses.

Anchor Paper #1

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #1: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response indicates little application of a reasonable strategy. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (y+x≤60). The student provides no response to the second or third parts of the question. This response demonstrates a minimal understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #2

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #2: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response indicates little application of a reasonable strategy. The representation in the form of an equation, rather than an inequality, is relevant (x+y=60). The student provides no response to the second part of the question. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. However, explanations are not provided. This response demonstrates a minimal understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #3

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #3: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response indicates application of an incomplete strategy. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (x+y≤60). While the student assigns the axes on the grid as x and y, the inequality is not graphed. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. The explanation supports the solution (dividing 60 by 3, subtracting 5, recieving in answer of 15, multiplying 15 by 4, checking my answer to make sure it was correct. Then I multiplied 15x3 and got 45 then adding 45+15 and got $60; 45/3 is 15). This response demonstrates a conceptual understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #4

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #4: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response indicates application of an incomplete strategy. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (x+y≤60). Although the student assigned scales and labels on the grid, the inequality is not graphed. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. The student provides a justification, rather than an explanation (I added 15 + 15 x 3 and got 60). This response demonstrates a conceptual understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #5

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #5: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that leads to some correct solutions. The representation in the form of an inequality has the symbol reversed (x+y≥60). The student’s graph, though missing labels, is generally well-constructed with correct scales, a solid line with correct intercepts and appropriate shading. Both the cost of lunch (15.00) and the cost of dinner (45.00) are correct. The explanation supports the solution (x+y=60; 3x=y; 3(15)=45). The student also justifies the solutions (so 15·3=45 and 45+15=60). This response demonstrates a clear understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #6

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #6: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that leads to some correct solutions. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (x+y≤$60). The student provides a generally well-constructed graph with correct scales and a solid line with correct intercepts; however, it is not shaded to indicate the inequality. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. The explanation supports the solution (First I divided $60 by 4 which equal 15. Then I multiplied $15 times 3 because Ichiro spent 3 times as much on dinner). This response demonstrates a clear understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #7

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #7: Rubric Score 4

Annotation: This response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that leads to a correct solution within the context of the problem. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (x+y≤60). The student provides a well-constructed graph of the inequality with correct labels, scales, a solid line with correct intercepts and appropriate shading. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. The explanation is clearly presented (I observed the “x” values of 0-20 because they are the only numbers that, multiplied by 3 are less than $60. Then I looked at each’s coresponding “y” value and 15’s was 45 which is 15 times 3). This response demonstrates a complete understanding and analysis of the problem.


Anchor Paper #8

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #8: Rubric Score 4

Annotation: This response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that leads to a correct solution within the context of the problem. The representation in the form of an inequality is correct (x+y≤60). The student provides a well-constructed graph of the inequality with correct labels, scales, a solid line with correct intercepts and appropriate shading. Both the cost of lunch ($15.00) and the cost of dinner ($45.00) are correct. The explanation is fully developed (y=3x; x+3x=60; 4x=60; x=15; 15+y=60; y=45). This response demonstrates a complete understanding and analysis of the problem.


Extended Constructed Response (ECR) Rubric

Print: Scoring Rubric (pdf)
Score 4

The response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that leads to a correct solution in the context of the problem. The representations are correct. The explanation and/or justification is logically sound, clearly presented, fully developed, supports the solution, and does not contain significant mathematical errors. The response demonstrates a complete understanding and analysis of the problem.

Score 3

The response indicates application of a reasonable strategy that may or may not lead to a correct solution. The representations are essentially correct. The explanation and/or justification is generally well developed, feasible, and supports the solution. The response demonstrates a clear understanding and analysis of the problem.

Score 2

The response indicates an incomplete application of a reasonable strategy that may or may not lead to a correct solution. The representations are fundamentally correct. The explanation and/or justification supports the solution and is plausible, although it may not be well developed or complete. The response demonstrates a conceptual understanding and analysis of the problem.

Score 1

The response indicates little or no application of a reasonable strategy. It may or may not have the correct answer. The representations are incomplete or missing. The explanation and/or justification reveals serious flaws in reasoning. The explanation and/or justification may be incomplete or missing. The response demonstrates a minimal understanding and analysis of the problem.

Score 0

The response is completely incorrect or irrelevant. There may be no response, or the response may state, “I don't know.”

Explanation refers to the student using the language of mathematics to communicate how the student arrived at the solution.

Justification refers to the student using mathematical principles to support the reasoning used to solve the problem or to demonstrate that the solution is correct. This could include the appropriate definitions, postulates and theorems.

Essentially correct representations may contain a few minor errors such as missing labels, reversed axes, or scales that are not uniform.

Fundamentally correct representations may contain several minor errors such as missing labels, reversed axes, or scales that are not uniform.

Last Revised 8/16/00

/share/clg/xml/public_release/mathematics/2008_121_alg08.xml
Resources for 1.2.1:
Skill Statements | PUBLIC RELEASE ITEMS | Lesson Plans |