School Improvement in Maryland
Public Release Item Scoring Information Return

Goal 1 Political Systems

Expectation 1.1 The student will demonstrate understanding of the structure and functions of government and politics in the United States.

Indicator 1.1.1 The student will analyze historic documents to determine the basic principles of United States government and apply them to real-world situations.

Assessment Limits:

  • Documents: Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. Students are to know which rights/protections are addressed by the first ten amendments. Students are not expected to know the contents of any document by number.
  • Other documents and amendments may be used to assess the principles, but information will be provided.
  • Basic principles: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, representative democracy, limited government, rule of law, individual rights and responsibilities, consent of the governed, majority rule, popular sovereignty, equal protection.

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item - Released in 2001

Read the paragraph below.

In 1941, Franklin Roosevelt addressed Congress and the public about the importance of freedom. Roosevelt spoke specifically of freedom of speech and expression, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.

  • Select one of the freedoms listed above and discuss its importance in the lives of United States citizens.
  • State why you chose this freedom.
  • Include examples and details to support your answer.

Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book.

The following 16 Sample Student Responses represent a range of score points.

Sample Student Response #1

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Score for Sample Student Response #1: Rubric Score 4

Annotation: This response shows understanding of freedom from fear. Concepts are accurate and well supported. Powerful evidence of higher order thinking skills is provided through insightful analysis and evaluation of the importance of freedom from fear (we would not be a strong and equal democracy, would be a chaotic system of people abusing power, our other freedoms couldn't exist without it) and the comparing and contrasting of democratic and totalitarian governments.


Sample Student Response #2

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Score for Sample Student Response #2: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question but shows only minimal knowledge. The response chooses freedom of speech. The attempted idea (if they control what you say they control you) is vague, fragmented, and incomplete. The response is inadequate to show knowledge. Compare to Anchor Paper #1.


Sample Student Response #3

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Score for Sample Student Response #3: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of freedom of speech and expression. Basic ideas (diversity, democracy) are provided with a little support (speak your mind and not get in trouble for it, dress and act the way you want). The response shows knowledge of the question.


Sample Student Response #4

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Score for Sample Student Response #4: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of freedom of speech and expression. Concepts are accurate and supported. Some evidence of higher order thinking skills is provided through use of evaluation (necessary for growth of nation, without it our country would be less meaningful) and cause-and-effect reasoning (without it many wouldn't share opinions).


Sample Student Response #5

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Score for Sample Student Response #5: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question but shows only minimal knowledge. The response chooses freedom of speech and expression and presents fragments of basic ideas (everyone has their own mind and own expression, saying this is nasty) which are skeletal and incomplete.


Sample Student Response #6

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Score for Sample Student Response #6: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of freedom of speech and expression. Key ideas (can affect everyone, express how they feel about problems) are provided with a little support (problems would go on because no one wold be able to have any say).


Sample Student Response #7

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Score for Sample Student Response #7: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of freedom of speech and expression. In explaining its importance, accurate concepts are supported (suggesting solutions to problems, voicing protests). Some evidence of higher order thinking skills is provided through application of relevant examples (U.S. is a leading democracy, literature and art), evaluation (gives hope for the future, a better country), and cause-and-effect reasoning (the first step in remedying problems, protests have made free speech a larger priority). Compare to Anchor Paper #6.


Sample Student Response #8

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Score for Sample Student Response #8: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of freedom of religion. In explaining the importance of this freedom, basic ideas (important to a lot of people, not everyone has to practice the same religion) are presented with a little support (many different religions to choose from).


Sample Student Response #9

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Score for Sample Student Response #9: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question but shows only minimal knowledge of freedom of speech. Fragments of basic ideas are presented (say what you want when you want and how you want, everybody can use it), but the attempted ideas are skeletal and incomplete.


Sample Student Response #10

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Score for Sample Student Response #10: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of freedom from fear. An accurate concept (needed to ensure other freedoms) is supported, and application of relevant examples (immigration into the United States, groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and Nazis) and cause-and-effect reasoning (if anything does happen the police will take care of it) provides some evidence of higher order thinking skills. Compare to Anchor Paper #3.


Sample Student Response #11

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Score for Sample Student Response #11: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of freedom of speech. While explaining its importance, the student provides key ideas (Americans use every day, news and entertainment) with a little support (find out what's going on in today's world, make a living saying whatever they want; music, books, newspapers).


Sample Student Response #12

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Score for Sample Student Response #12: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of freedom of speech and expression. Accurate concepts are supported (civil liberty granted in the Constitution, freedom to openly criticize their government), and some evidence of higher order thinking skills is provided through application of relevant example (Travis Smiley, hospital workers' protest, politicians denounce each other) and comparison (foreign to those with authoritarian government).


Sample Student Response #13

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Score for Sample Student Response #13: Rubric Score 4

Annotation: This comprehensive response shows understanding of freedom of speech and expression. Accurate and well-supported concepts (participation in government, personal expression) are integrated. Evidence of higher order thinking skills is demonstrated through application of analysis (without two sides the government could control what is said, we can show dissatisfaction with the government and hope for change), appropriate example (petition for a law, censorship of clothes and entertainment), and evaluation (you need to be able to say what you think, the foundation upon which America was built).


Sample Student Response #14

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Score for Sample Student Response #14: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question but shows only minimal knowledge of freedom of religion. A fragment of a basic idea (the U.S. has a lot of different religions) is presented.


Sample Student Response #15

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Score for Sample Student Response #15: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of freedom of religion. In explaining its importance, accurate concepts (many different religions and cultures in the United States) are supported, and application of analysis (focus beliefs in whoever they want, no specific religion that everyone must belong to), evaluation (a variation of culture is a good thing), and cause-and-effect reasoning (cultural variation exposes us to new things and gives everyone character) provide some evidence of higher order thinking skills.


Sample Student Response #16

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Score for Sample Student Response #16: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of freedom of speech and expression. A key idea (the public has a say in the way our government runs) is provided with a little support (basic part of our constitution, essential to democracy).


Additional Resources

Anchor Papers used in scoring

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Rubric

Print: Scoring Rubric (pdf)
Score 4

This response shows understanding of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is insightful, integrates knowledge, and demonstrates powerful application.

  • The application shows powerful evidence of higher order thinking skills.
  • Concepts are accurate and well supported.
  • There are no misconceptions.
  • The response is comprehensive.
Score 3

This response shows some understanding of the content, question, and/or problem. The response includes appropriate application that demonstrates evidence of higher order thinking skills.

  • The application shows some evidence of higher order thinking skills.
  • Concepts are accurate and supported.
  • There are no interfering misconceptions.
  • The response may not develop all parts equally.
Score 2

This response shows knowledge of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is acceptable with some key ideas. The response shows little or no evidence of application.

  • The response includes some basic ideas.
  • The response provides little or no support.
  • There are minimal misconceptions.
Score 1

This response shows minimal knowledge of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is related to the question, but it is inadequate.

  • The response includes incomplete or fragmented ideas or knowledge.
  • There may be significant misconceptions.
Score 0

The response is completely incorrect or irrelevant. There may be no response.

Knowledge and Understanding indicate the degree to which the response reflects a grasp of the content, question, and/or problem presented in the stimulus. The response indicates mastery that progresses from knowledge to understanding.

Last Revised June 2001

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