School Improvement in Maryland
Public Release Item Scoring Information Return

Goal 2 Peoples Of The Nation And World

Expectation 2.2 The student will compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the United States system of government and various other political systems.

Indicator 2.2.1 The student will analyze advantages and disadvantages of various types of governments throughout the world.

Assessment Limits:

  • Types of political systems including: democratic (parliamentary, presidential) and authoritarian (monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship and totalitarian).
  • Forms of government: confederation, federal, unitary.

Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Item - Released in 2006

Study the flow chart below and use it to answer the BRIEF CONSTRUCTED RESPONSE that follows.

  • Compare the system of government shown in the diagram to the system of government in the United States.
  • Which system of government is more efficient? Explain your answer.
  • Use details and examples to support your answer.

Write your answer on the lines in your Answer Book.

The following 7 Anchor Papers represent a range of score points and are used in conjunction with the rubrics to assess student responses.

Anchor Paper #1

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #1: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question and shows only minimal knowledge. A relevant fragment is given (in the U.S. voters elect the President), but this idea is general and incomplete.


Anchor Paper #2

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #2: Rubric Score 1

Annotation: This response is related to the question and shows only minimal knowledge. Although fragments of basic ideas are provided (it is a system of checks and balances; each branch…has equal power), the ideas are skeletal and incomplete.


Anchor Paper #3

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #3: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of the United States' system of government. Basic ideas are supplied (voters elect representatives and the president; president appoints…with the approval of the Senate; system of checks and balances) with some support (so that no one can influence someone else by appointing them. Ex: 'Packing the Court').


Anchor Paper #4

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #4: Rubric Score 2

Annotation: This response shows knowledge of the United States' system of government. The student gives some basic ideas (directly vote the presidant; the presidant pike the Supreme Court judge then congres aprove it), and a key idea is then completed (US voters has more power…and it's more democratic).


Anchor Paper #5

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #5: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of the differences between the Swedish and United States' systems of government. Accurate concepts are provided (U.S. has voters elect the executive leader; the U.S. has no monarch). Some evidence of higher order thinking skills is demonstrated through comparison/contrast of the efficiency in the lawmaking process (in Sweden…the party in power of legislature will appoint their own leader so more laws are passed; In the U.S., the president may not agree with majority of legislature so not much is passed; there is separation of powers making branches in the U.S. even; in Sweden the legislative branch holds power of the other two).


Anchor Paper #6

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #6: Rubric Score 3

Annotation: This response shows some understanding of the differences between the Swedish and United States' systems of government. The student gives accurate concepts (In the U.S., voters elect the legislature and president independenly; in the Swedish government, theres a monarch sitting off to the side). Some evidence of higher order thinking skills is demonstrated through comparison/contrast of the likelihood for disagreement over Supreme Court nominees (Sweden…the team will probably find it easier to agree; our system, the President and legislature are elected independently, which might mean they strike more discord when trying to reach an agreement on appointments).


Anchor Paper #7

image of student response

Score for Anchor Paper #7: Rubric Score 4

Annotation: This response shows understanding of the differences between the Swedish and United States' systems of government. Accurate concepts are well supported (U.S. is a presidential democracy; voters also elect the president; Senate confirms the appointments; the president is both ceremonial leader of the country and the head of the government). Powerful evidence of higher order thinking skills is demonstrated through an extended analysis of the possible pitfalls throughout the U.S. system as compared to Sweden's (the President…has a very difficult job because he is both these leaders {ceremonial and government}; presidential campaigns are costly and time consuming; can also be controversial, such as in the 2000 election; John Roberts was appointed as Chief Justice… his confirmation hearings were long and inefficient).


Brief Constructed Response (BCR) Rubric

Print: Scoring Rubric (pdf)
Score 4

This response shows understanding of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is insightful, integrates knowledge, and demonstrates powerful application.

  • The application shows powerful evidence of higher order thinking skills.
  • Concepts are accurate and well supported.
  • There are no misconceptions.
  • The response is comprehensive.
Score 3

This response shows some understanding of the content, question, and/or problem. The response includes appropriate application that demonstrates evidence of higher order thinking skills.

  • The application shows some evidence of higher order thinking skills.
  • Concepts are accurate and supported.
  • There are no interfering misconceptions.
  • The response may not develop all parts equally.
Score 2

This response shows knowledge of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is acceptable with some key ideas. The response shows little or no evidence of application.

  • The response includes some basic ideas.
  • The response provides little or no support.
  • There are minimal misconceptions.
Score 1

This response shows minimal knowledge of the content, question, and/or problem. The response is related to the question, but it is inadequate.

  • The response includes incomplete or fragmented ideas or knowledge.
  • There may be significant misconceptions.
Score 0

The response is completely incorrect or irrelevant. There may be no response.

Knowledge and Understanding indicate the degree to which the response reflects a grasp of the content, question, and/or problem presented in the stimulus. The response indicates mastery that progresses from knowledge to understanding.

Last Revised June 2001

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