| Grade 8 |
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Standard 5.0 Controlling Language: Students will control language by applying the conventions of standard English in speaking and writing.*
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A. Grammar
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1. Recognize elements of grammar in personal and academic reading
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2. Apply knowledge of grammar concepts and skills to control oral and written language **
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a. Consider the meaning, position, form, and function of words when identifying and using all grammatical concepts
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b. Combine and expand sentences by incorporating subjects, predicates, and modifiers and by logically coordinating, subordinating, and sequencing ideas
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c. Differentiate grammatically complete sentences from non-sentences
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d. Compose simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences using independent, dependent, restrictive, and nonrestrictive clauses; transitions; conjunctions; and appropriate punctuation to connect ideas
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B. Usage
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1. Recognize examples of conventional usage in personal and academic reading
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2. Comprehend and apply standard English usage in oral and written language **
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a. Apply appropriate English usage, involving subject/verb agreement
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b. Apply consistent and appropriate use of the person, number, and case of pronouns; pronoun/antecedent agreement; special pronoun problems such as who - whom, and incomplete constructions; active and passive voice; and verbal and verbal phrases
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c. Recognize and correct common usage errors such as misplaced and dangling modifiers; incorrect use of verbs, double negatives; and commonly confused words such as accept - except
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d. Use available resources to correct or confirm editorial choices
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e. Explain editorial choices
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C. Mechanics
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1. Explain and justify the purpose of mechanics to make and clarify meaning in academic and personal reading and writing
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2. Apply standard English punctuation and capitalization in written language **
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a. Punctuate at the word level
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b. Use the mechanics of writing correctly
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c. Use available resources for all mechanics of writing rules that may be in flux
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3. Explain editorial choices involving mechanics
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D. Spelling
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1. Recognize conventional spelling in and through personal and academic reading
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2. Apply conventional spelling in written language
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a. Use conventional spelling in personal writing
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b. Develop self-monitoring strategies for frequently misspelled words
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c. Use suitable traditional and electronic resources as a spelling aid
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3. Maintain a personal list of words to use in editing original writing
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E. Handwriting
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1. Produce writing that is legible to the audience
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a. Write fluidly and legibly in manuscript and cursive
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b. Use word processing technology when appropriate
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