| Grade 4 |
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Standard 3.0 Geography: Students will use geographic concepts and processes to examine the role of culture, technology, and the environment in the location and distribution of human activities and spatial connections throughout time.
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A. Using Geographic Tools
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1. Use geographic tools to locate places and describe the human and physical characteristics of those places
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a. Construct and interpret a variety of maps using map elements
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b. Use photographs, maps, charts, graphs, and atlases to describe geographic characteristics of Maryland/United States
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c. Identify and locate natural/physical features and human-made features of Maryland such as Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont Plateau, and Atlantic Coastal Plain
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d. Identify and locate natural/physical features and human-made features of the United States
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B. Geographic Characteristics of Places and Regions
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1. Describe similarities and differences of regions by using geographic characteristics
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a. Compare physical characteristics of different places and regions of Maryland and the United States including natural/physical features, weather and climate, soil, vegetation, minerals and animal life
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b. Compare human characteristics of different places and regions of Maryland the United States, including human-made features, language, religions, political systems, economic activity, and population distribution
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c. Describe how geographic characteristics of a place or region change over time and affect the way people live and work
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C. Movement of People, Goods and Ideas
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1. Describe and analyze population growth, migration, and settlement patterns in Maryland and regions of the United States
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a. Explain how geographic characteristics influenced settlement patterns in Maryland and the United States
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b. Explain how changes in transportation and communication led to the growth and development of towns and cities in Maryland and United States
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d. Describe the transportation and communication networks for the movement of people, goods, and ideas to, from and within Maryland such as Bay Bridge, National Road, B & O Railroad, the Port of Baltimore, and C & O Canal
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e. Identify the reasons for the movement of peoples to, from, and within Maryland and the United States
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D. Modifying and Adapting to the Environment
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1. Describe how people adapt to, modify and impact the natural environment
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a. Compare ways Native American societies in Maryland used the natural environment for food, clothing, and shelter
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b. Describe ways and reasons people in Maryland and the United States modify the natural environment and the consequences of modifications
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c. Explain how the growth of communities and suburbs have had consequences on the environment, loss of farmland, and pollution
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d. Describe how land use and urban growth are influenced by governmental decisions
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