Goal 1 |
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Goal 1
The student will demonstrate the ability to investigate, interpret, and communicate solutions to mathematical and real-world problems using patterns, functions and algebra.
Expectation
1. The student will analyze a wide variety of patterns and functional relationships using the language of mathematics and appropriate technology.
Indicators
- The student will recognize, describe and/or extend patterns and functional relationships that are expressed numerically, algebraically, and/or geometrically.
Assessment limits:
- The given pattern must represent a relationship of the form y = mx + b (linear), y = x2 + c (simple quadratic), y = x3 + c (simple cubic), simple arithmetic progression, or simple geometric progression with all exponents being positive.
- The student will not be asked to draw three-dimensional figures.
- Algebraic description of patterns is in indicator 1.1.2
- The student will represent patterns and/or functional relationships in a table, as a graph, and/or by mathematical expression.
Assessment limits:
- The given pattern must represent a relationship of the form mx + b (linear), x2 (simple quadratic), simple arithmetic progression, or simple geometric progression with all exponents being positive.
- The student will apply addition, subtraction, multiplication, and/or division of algebraic expressions to mathematical and real-world problems.
Assessment limits:
- The algebraic expression is a polynomial in one variable.
- The polynomial is not simplified.
- The student will describe the graph of a non-linear function and discuss its appearance in terms of the basic concepts of maxima and minima, zeros (roots), rate of change, domain and range, and continuity.
Assessment limits:
- A coordinate graph will be given with easily read coordinates.
- “Zeros” refers to the x-intercepts of a graph, “roots” refers to the solution of an equation in the form p(x) = 0.
- Problems will not involve a real-world context.
Expectation
2. The student will model and interpret real-world situations using the language of mathematics and appropriate technology.
Indicators
- The student will determine the equation for a line, solve linear equations, and/or describe the solutions using numbers, symbols, and/or graphs.
Assessment limits:
- Functions are to have no more than two variables with rational coefficients.
- Linear equations will be given in the form: Ax + By = C, Ax + By + C = 0, or y = mx + b.
- Vertical lines are included.
- The majority of these items should be in real-world context.
- The student will solve linear inequalities and describe the solutions using numbers, symbols, and/or graphs.
Assessment limits:
- Inequalities will have no more than two variables with rational coefficients.
- Acceptable forms of the problem or solution are the following: Ax + By < C, Ax + By ≤ C, Ax + By > C, Ax + By ≥ C, Ax + By + C < 0, Ax + By + C ≤ 0, Ax + By + C > 0, Ax + By + C ≥ 0, y < mx + b, y ≤ mx + b, y ≥ mx + b, y > mx + b, y < b, y ≤ b, y > b, y ≥ b, x < b, x ≤ b, x > b, x ≥ b, a ≤ x ≤ b, a < x < b, a ≤ x < b, a < x ≤ b, a ≤ x + c ≤ b, a < x + c < b, a ≤ x + c < b, a < x + c ≤ b.
- The majority of these items should be in real-world context.
- Systems of linear inequalities will not be included.
- Compound inequalities will be included.
- Disjoint inequalities will not be included.
- Absolute value inequalities will not be included.
- The student will solve and describe using numbers, symbols, and/or graphs if and where two straight lines intersect.
Assessment limits:
- Functions will be of the form: Ax + By = C, Ax + By + C = 0, or y = mx + b.
- All coefficients will be rational.
- Vertical lines will be included.
- Systems of linear functions will include coincident, parallel, or intersecting lines.
- The majority of these items should be in real-world context.
- The student will describe how the graphical model of a non-linear function represents a given problem and will estimate the solution.
Assessment limits:
- The problem is to be in a real-world context.
- The function will be represented by a graph.
- The equation of the function may be given.
- The features of the graph may include maxima/minima, zeros (roots), rate of change over a given interval (increasing/decreasing), continuity, or domain and range.
- “Zeros” refers to the x-intercepts of a graph, “roots” refers to the solution of an equation in the form p(x) = 0.
- Functions may include step, absolute value, or piece-wise functions.
- The student will apply formulas and/or use matrices (arrays of numbers) to solve real-world problems.
Assessment limits:
- Formulas will be provided in the problem or on the reference sheet.
- Formulas may express linear or non-linear relationships.
- The students will be expected to solve for first degree variables only.
- Matrices will represent data in tables.
- Matrix addition, subtraction, and/or scalar multiplication may be necessary.
- Inverse and determinants of matrices will not be required.
July 2004
